Question 7 & 8

The insert/brief will be 1 side of A4. - Read and COEI - maximum 5 minutes

Section B- towards the end of the exam

Have to draw two pre-production documents

• Visualisation diagram - sketch of the final product (poster, home screeen of an app, homepage if a website, DVD cover, mostly printed media products, advert, billboard, interactive product)
• Storyboard
• Script
• Site-structure diagram (site-map) - navigation for the website, game or app
• Use annotations - colour sceheme, font style, layout, appeal to audience
• Justify drawing - give reasons for why it looks that way 

LO3: Research Types

Primary Research- This involves gathering new data that has not been collected before. This type of research is something tht you have carried out yourself.

Questionnaires can be used to carry out this form of research, these are good at the information is being gathered first hand. Questionnaires are also usually cheap so quite cost effective and represent a large amount of the population however there is limited options so they dont represent everyones views and people may not be honest when answering the questions. Questionnaires are made up of many closed questions, these are tickbox answers yes/no). These provide instant information as they are NOT time consuming to analyse. A disadvantage of closed questions is that they offer limited detail and there is not that much information given. There are also open questions that force the audiences to give explainations to their answers to give the audience a deeper understanding on how to develop and improve the product or designs. Open questions are good at getting views and opinions. These however are harder to analyse and take a lot longer as answers contain more than one word. Closed questions are quantitative data. Open questions are qualitative data. 
Interviews are another form of primary research, these are good because they allow more detailed questions and are personal however they are time consuming so a large amount of interviews cannot be carried out and they can be costly as staff need to be paid to do the interviews. These are similar to questionnaires as they are asking people however are also similar to focus groups as they are personal and ask the information. Usually these are for magazines and newspaper which are carried out by a journalist. 

Focus groups are another form of primary research. This is where you gather a gorup of people that are from the target audience and then allowing them to give feedback. These people reflect the audience of the product. Verbal views are opinions are more detailed as you are working with a smaller amount of people so the answers are more focused. This is verbal feedback. Focus groups are very effective for audio-visual products ot things that are design based. Also they have the same benefits as interviews but are more cost effective and do not take as much time but are still time consuming as people need to be gathered and arranged for the focus group. Also as the information is verbal equipment is needed to record the focus group so that the feedback given can be analysed. They also provide a wider range of opinions. The disadvantages of focus groups are that people might disagree but people may more so just agree with the majority. This means that the research has now become bias. Focus groups arent anonymous. 

Surveys are different to questionnaires as this is a measure of opinions as this is not as detailed as a questionnaire. Websites such a Surveymonkey can be used to create surveys. These can be shared on social media platforms which allows wider audience feedback. Surveymonkey is easy to use and it is free, this is the same as a questionnaire. It also analyses data for you. People may not respond to your survey though. This will limit your sample of feedback. 

Secondary Research- Secondary research is research that you have not found out yourself but is something that you find it out from other sources. This could be looking at existing research and data. Secondary research is usually created by an expert or professional. These type of people have knowledge in specific subject ares. Research has already been done so there is less work to carry out.

An example of secondary research is books or acedemic journals, these are written by authors that have a specialism in the subject on hand. This is a crediable source. These resources can be found in libarys.
The internet is another example of secondary research, this has a wide range of sources that are easy to access.
Examples of secondary research:

• Magazines
• Tv
• Radio
• Documentaries
• Video
• Books/academic journal
• Internet

PQ- Identify and explain an example of secondary research that would be effective. (3 marks)

Brief: 

• Games-ed
• Game to educate children 
• 8 to 12
• British monarchy
• Entertains

A source of secondary research that would be effective for Games-ed to use as part of their research in order to create their game would be TV shows. They could watch something such as the TV series "Victoria". This includes the history of some of the histroy of royal monarchs such as Queen Victoria I. This is a form of effective research as the series is created by the BBC which is a reliable source due to it being a public service broadcaster, this means that it has a remit and is funded by public money so that they make educational programs. Due to the program not being a documentary but instead a period drama it means that the information in the series is not just fact based but also visual so that the uses of things like clothes for the characters to wear are historically accurate. In the program it is more just the story of Victoria's so the information is already not as fact based but the language would be simplified further for the target audience of 8-12 year olds.

BBC documentry

• Presented by historians
• BBC are reliable
• Information presented easier 

Books

• GCSE history book - effective as the information wouldnt have to be simplified that much as the book is not aimed at people too much older than the target audience
• Reliable source - written by a repitable author / historian 

Examining someone elses work (includes a different example of internet)

 example of secondary research that would help when making a game about the British Monarchy would be the Internet because the internet has a range of different websites and sources that is all free to view. An example of a website that would tell them about the British Monarchy would be a national history website that can tell you all about different royalty figures throughout history which would give Games-Ed the right information (it is a reliable source) so they can have true facts about the British Monarchy. Games-Ed could also use a history website that ends in dot org, dot gov or dot edu as these are reliable sources. Using this easy source of information it gives Games-Ed to easily take that information and simplify it so children from the ages of 8-12 can easily understand the information that is given to them in the game.

Relate to brief

1 mark- Identify

Specific examples

1 mark- Explain

Links to the brief, shows an understanding of secondary research
Improvements

Audience Research- Find out who your audience is. Looking at the audiences stereotypes as well as habits and consumption trends and seeing why they consume these things. This means that we can advertise and market to them. The more that is known about the audience means that they can be effectively targeted. 

Market Research- Looking at competitors and seeing what makes them successfull. Looking for trends in a particular market. What a women buying VS men. Looking at other people/companies who are competiton in the same market.
NRS- National Readership Survey (Looking at magazines and newspapers. Looking at ABC1 by putting audiences into groups based on lifestyle and disposable income.)
RAJAR- Radio Joint Audience Research (get the public to fill in online diaries of their radio habits for a wkk/month and then feed back to the radio station to plan broadcasting)
BARB- Broadcasters Audience Research Board (TV consumption- look at channels 1 to 5 (terrestrial), VOD consumption, digital and subscription, Freeview. Look at viewing figures for TV and know whos viewing what based on age, gender, spending power and can feed back to organisations like BBC, ITV, Sky. Research based on viewerships. Piracy - watching things illegally, the amount of people watching televsion has decreased due to there being more than one way of watching television. Timeshifting - watching after the original broadcast of the program.Can watch thing at our convenience. Range of devices to watch television where and how you want. Technology like VOD makes it easier to timeshift) 

Product/Production Research- The production team have to carry out research into the product itseld. It is done by collecting source material which are things that are needed to create the product. This depeneds on the media product. The production team also have to research how viable the project is going to be and look at the probability of the success to see if it is worth making. They also have to find locations as part of product research. 

LO2: Target Audience Factors

Target Audience Factors

It is imnportant to know who the product is aimed at so that the product can be developed with that target audience in mind so that the product will appeal to them. Likes and dislikes of the client are needed to make sure that there are more profit so that more people will feel as if they NEED the rpoduct. Audience Pleasures are appealed to. It is crutial that we know who the target audience are so that the content is appropriate for that audience. Sterotyping is relyed upon to help to design the product.

Demographics are different catergories/groups that an audience can be classified as.

• Social class / Social economic (Socio-Economic)
• Age
• Gender
• Ethnic Groups
• Psychographics - mental wellbeing, attitudes, beliefs and behaviours
• Geographics
• Sexual Orientation
• Mainstream Vs Niche - Mainstream- popular, appeals to the masses, the majority, wide audience (BBC1 - Eastenders people from all different backgrounds and represents everyone- reflects a diverse range of peoples lives) Niche - aimed at a small audience (BBC 2- Educational, for a middle class, upmarket, male audience.)

It is beneficial to know about the different demographics that need to be met so that the product can be more specific and aimed at the people that it needs to be aimed at. This means that there is more effective targetting

LO2: Tools To Identify Client Requirements

When identify the requirements of the brief there are key ways and tools to do this. These include:

Mindmap 

Definition:

• a diagram in which information is displayed with a central idea placed in the middle and associated ideas arranged around it.
• Ideas 
• Key terms

Advantages:

• Organise ideas in a visual way - more structured
• Non-linear
• Ideas are interchangeable and can be added 
• Can branch off of ideas

Disadvantages:

• Crowded with text
• Difficult to understand

Moodboard

Definiton :

• an arrangement of images, materials, pieces of text, etc. intended to evoke or project a particular style or concept.
• Shows concept designs, font styles, colour pallette, photos
• Collage used to generate/reflect a theme or mood
• Used to help you create ideas
• Visually represent what you want to do

Advantages:

• Gives a sample of ideas through images so clients can visualise the product
• Good to represent connotations you want to create

Blue-sky thinking

Definition:

• creative ideas that are not limited by current thinking or beliefs. It is original or creative thinking, which isnt constricted by convention and not grounded in reality. It is thinking outside of the box to generate ideas basedon a new concept or brief. It is a type of lateral thinking which is where everyone comes up with ideas at once from the top of your head. 
• A group of people
• Everyone will read the brief - key words, phrases, colours, shapes get written down on a piece of paper
• Gets used to finalise ideas
• Disney uses this when thinking of new concepts for their film- try and incoperate everyones ideas at some stage

Advantages:

• Simple and easy to do
• Not expensive
• Creative
• Everyones ideas are equal 
• Everybody has to contribute
• Fun
• Each person gets a say
• Job roles dont matter
• Good starting point- wide range of ideas

Disadvantages:

• Arguments
• Large variety of ideas so hard to sort and narrow down ideas
• Difficult to produce a final idea
• Feasible
• Physically organising ideas
• Hard to make sure people have an equal say and whether everyones ideas get written down
• HARD TO ORGANISE AND MANAGE

SWOT analysis

Definition:

• a study undertaken by an organization to identify its internal strengths and weaknesses, as well as its external opportunities and threats.

Strengths- (internal- in the company) - Strengths have that enable to make the product

• Personnel- Staff available
• Product- Advantages of the product
• Target Audiences- Advantages of working with that target audience
• Resources- Strengths of having the resources to help to make the product

Weaknesses- (internal- in the company) -

• Personnel
• Product
• Target audience- Stumbling blocks as a company with the audience

Opportunities- (external- outside of the product/company)

• Production company- if good commisioned to do more work which means more money
• Development of the product- Made in a different media, developed to 

Threats- (external- outside of the product/company)

• Competitors
• Timescales- COEI (contraint)

Advantages:

• Thinking about wider issues and as a whole
• Good at evaluating the project

Use all four of the techniques to show initial ideas to a client. Can be use to advise the client of what should be made. Initial ideas should be shown to the client so that it deosnt delay the production if they do not like the ideas and then have to rethink.

LO2: Starter Task

What does COEI stand for?

Constraints
Open
Explicit
Implicit

LO1: Types of Requirements

Constraints - Limitations (cost, legal, ethical, timescale)
Open - Freedom of ideas / Decisions
Explicit - Clearly stated and must be met
Implicit - Implied / Suggested

Implicit and open are where you will give your client feedback and can help them to improve. Suggesting ideas to the client.

LO1: Ethical Issues

Ethical Issues

Ethical issues are morals that are not against the law BUT could be deemed offensive to a certain group of people. Media products need to represent ALL and not alienate people or discriminate against them. Discrimination could be against appearence, ethnicity, sexuality or religion. This means doing th eright or moral thing. Ethics is concerned with what is good for individuals in sociey. It also shouldnt cause offense or disturb thouse who use it.

Consequences of not being ethical:

• Damaging your representation
• Product could be banned or not shown to an audience
• Law suit (depending on the seriousness) 

The models shown on the ASOS website represent many different ethnicities, this means that ASOS is addressing and recogning that models of different ethnicities arent being recognised enough in the fashion industry. ASOS dont want to be appearing to only represent one type of ethnicity as this means that more peopke are being represented so they will appeal to a larger audience. This will mean that they will create more profit. The models included are of all different shapes and sizes, this can show that the clothes that they sell are marketed to all so that people can wear the same fashion no matter what size you are. Not everyone is wearing the same clothes as ASOS sell a range of different styles to suit a range of different people. This means that they will have something to suit all. The clothes you choose are part of your individuality and ASOS want to help you express yourself. The models in the middle is the skinniest, this is where your eyes are drawn to first, this means that not all ethical issues are being addressed. This is a flaw in the picture and how the picture have been composed. There could be more diversity aswell as there is not a range in the ages of the people in the model and there is no representation to people of religion or people with disablities etc. There are many stereotypes in the picture as the black lady has afro hair which is very stereotypical as well as the way that she is wearing a tiger print dress which shows that she is fierce, loud and in your face. The model on the right has large hoop earing and has an angry expression, this is very stereotypical of a particular ethnic group. The asian lady looks unique and is dressed very androgynous this is typical of this ethnic group. All of the clothes show off a lot of skin and the dresses are very short, this could influence younger people who want their ideal self. The models are impressionable for a younger teen audience. The materials used in the clothing could be an ethical issue as they could be made of animal skin which many people do not agree with and protest against.

You have been asked to create an educational video game aimed at 8-12 year olds about healthy eating. What could be the ethical issues with this and how could they be addressed. 

There needs to be access to the product, not everyone has a console to play the video game on so the game would need to be accessible on different platforms such as on a phone or a computer. This means that more people would be able to have access to is so more children would be educated. People may have different dietery requirements, the game could include different options so that it is inclusive to everyone no matter the requirements. Some religions dont eat certain things like muslims only eat halal meats and dont eat pork. The children should be educated on what other people can and cant eat and there should be alternatives given. There could also be an issue in eating unhealthy and body image so not everyone who is fat eats unhealthy and vice versa. This could be made sure that it isnt an issue by including characters of different weights and showing them excerise so that people know that they should be excersising. There needs to be a variety of excersises as not everything can do the same thing due to physical disablities etc,  it would also need to show parental
guidence due to the age range for the game. There need to be different races and ethnicities included as Language used in the game cannot be complicated, the language needs to be simple with the use of lots of visuals such as photos & animation. Sound and colours would also make the information easier for them to understand and engage them. There are also language barrirs so the game could include subtitles or make the game all visuals and audio.

This is a banned advert which has many ethnical issues with it. The bottle is place in a suggestive place which could be representing the "deflowering of a women". The model at the time was 15 so she was underage. She is shown to be very suggestive which is an issue for teens due to her being a role model to them.